Spondylolisthesis

Spondylolisthesis refers a spinal segment (vertebra) that has become shifted forward in it's position relative the vertebra below. This may be due to a develeopmental defect or due to degenerative changes in the bony architecture of the vertebrae. Mild cases may cause no symptoms at all, whereas more severe cases can cause back pain and/or sciatica that occassionally requires surgery to stabilise the segment and alleviate the nerve pressure.